Cracking Down on Unauthorized Mining Activities in Nigeria

The issue of illicit mining in Nigeria has attracted considerable attention due to its adverse effects on the environment, economy, and security. According to the federal government, the country suffers an annual loss of nine billion dollars as a result of illicit mining. With the 1999 Constitution designating mining as the exclusive prerogative of the federal government, Nigeria’s abundant reserves of solid minerals such as coal, gold, limestone, and uranium remain underutilized, despite a growing global demand.

Comparing the situation in Nigeria to that of China, a world leader in mining with an annual mineral production volume of $217 billion, offers insights into how Nigeria can potentially optimize its own mineral resources. China’s state-owned mining industry significantly contributes to the country’s economy, employing over eight million people, thereby presenting a model for Nigeria to consider.

Various hotspot states in Nigeria have been identified as locations where illicit mining activities are rampant, with regions like Zamfara, Plateau, and Niger experiencing the negative consequences. Criminal groups are drawn to these areas due to the lucrative nature of the mining industry and the absence of regulations, leading to regional instability and disputes.

With approximately 80% of mining in the Northwest being conducted illegally by local inhabitants, the situation has caused conflict and economic instability. Additionally, the proceeds from illicit mining activities are known to fuel criminal networks, further exacerbating social vices and harming local economies.

The Nigerian government has taken steps to address these issues, with the Minister of Solid Minerals Development, Dr. Oladele Alake, expressing concerns about the accessibility of explosives to unauthorized individuals and the indiscriminate storage across the country. There have been calls for mine explosive manufacturers to strengthen security measures and prevent unauthorized access to their products.

In order to effectively combat illicit mining, it is imperative to strengthen the regulatory framework, enhance current legislation, and impose stricter penalties for unauthorized mining activities. Collaboration among government agencies in monitoring and enforcement is also essential to ensure compliance and curtail illicit mining operations.

Furthermore, the government must address the root causes of the issue by tackling poverty and illiteracy, which contribute to the perpetuation of illicit mining. Resettlement and fair compensation for citizens living in areas with large mineral deposits can help dissuade them from engaging in illicit mining activities.

In addition, security agencies responsible for protecting mining sites should be equipped with advanced weaponry and technology to counter illegal miners who may be armed and dangerous. Public awareness campaigns on the dangers of illegal mining are also critical to prevent further perpetuation of these activities.

Ultimately, the cooperation of citizens in reporting illegal mining activities is vital for the overall benefit of the country. By working together, the government and security agencies can effectively crack down on unauthorized mining activities and mitigate their adverse effects on Nigeria.

Authored by Jeffrey Ahonmisi; Edited by Annabel Nwachukwu