An In-Depth Analysis of Modern Slavery in Nigeria’s Mining Sector

Modern slavery is a pressing concern in Nigeria, particularly within the mining sector, despite its illegality. This results in severe violations of labor ethics and human rights. Dr. Tobi Owonubi, a lecturer at Birmingham City University specialising in Business and Psychology, has conducted a recent study examining the prevalence, influencing factors, and implications of modern slavery in Nigeria’s mining sector.

The history of modern slavery in Nigeria’s mining industry stems back to the 15th century, when the country was a focal point in the global slave trade. Presently, modern slavery, including forced labor and child labor, persists in various industries in Nigeria, such as agriculture, manufacturing, and mining. The Global Slavery Index has reported an estimated 1.4 million modern slaves in Nigeria, thus underscoring the severity of the issue in the country.

Nigeria’s mining industry, with a rich history dating back to the early 20th century, faces challenges related to mechanization, ownership, and illegal mining activities despite its abundance in various minerals. Factors influencing the continuity of modern-day slavery in this sector include the lack of effective laws and enforcement mechanisms, corruption, poverty, and low literacy levels, all contributing to the vulnerability of individuals and the perpetuation of modern slavery.

Legislation plays a crucial role in combatting modern slavery, but weaknesses in the legislative arm of the government, including issues related to prosecution and monitoring, have contributed to the ongoing prevalence of modern-day slavery. Additionally, social desirability bias has impacted the reporting of modern slavery, leading to underreporting and subsequent continuity. Poverty, lack of education, and cultural aspects also influence the perpetuation of this issue.

The study utilised semi-structured interviews to gather insights from retired miners, providing a deeper understanding of the dimensions of modern slavery and its impact on the mining sector. The findings highlighted the role of poverty, cultural aspects, legislation, and social desirability in influencing the continuation of modern slavery in Nigeria.

In conclusion, this study offers valuable insights into the intricate issue of modern slavery in Nigeria’s mining sector. By shedding light on the factors influencing the continuity of modern slavery, the study aims to enhance the development of more effective policies and strategies for addressing the issue. This comprehensive examination provides a nuanced understanding that could significantly impact efforts to combat modern slavery in the country.