The North and the ‘Japa’ Phenomenon: Why Northerners Choose to Stay Put
Migration decisions among northerners are shaped by a mix of economic, cultural, social, and security factors. For years, Nigeria has been dealing with significant emigration, driven mainly by high youth unemployment and underemployment. The allure of better job prospects, higher incomes, and improved living conditions overseas has been a strong motivator for migration. This has led many young Nigerians to seek security and stability elsewhere. The ‘Japa’ syndrome, a term used in Nigeria to describe leaving the country for better opportunities, has become a common phenomenon, especially among the youth.
Economic factors play a crucial role in the decision-making process of Nigerian Northerners. The northern region boasts a robust agricultural sector and abundant natural resources, including solid minerals. Opportunities in farming, mining, and trading contribute to local economic stability and growth. The cost of living is low, and there are numerous scholarship and job opportunities in the North. Many northerners prefer to study abroad and then return to Nigeria to pursue their careers. There are plenty of economic opportunities in the north, especially for those who study abroad. However, some believe that the lack of employment opportunities and a lack of information and awareness are the reasons why young people in the North find it difficult to travel abroad.
Religious and cultural factors are also significant for Nigerian Northerners, with a large Muslim population that takes pride in religious customs and traditions. Northerners prioritize their cultural norms and values when making decisions, including migration. They are known for their strong adherence to their traditions and way of life. The northern region’s cultural diversity, with various ethnic groups and languages, fosters strong attachments to cultural heritage and traditions, motivating individuals to stay locally and preserve their cultural identity. Family ties and the polygamous nature of most Northern families also play an important role in preventing Nigerian Northerners from migrating abroad.
Social factors, including family and community ties, have a profound impact on the decision to stay rooted locally. Northern Nigerian culture places a high value on family bonds, with extensive family networks. Staying local allows them to maintain these relationships and participate in community activities. Additionally, the security situation in Northern Nigeria has led to a genuine fear of being collectively stigmatized as potential terrorists by the international community, affecting the decisions of young people to travel abroad.
The migration decisions among northerners are complex, shaped by an intricate interplay of economic, cultural, social, and security factors. Understanding these factors provides valuable insights into the diverse migration patterns within Nigeria’s northern region. As we navigate the intricate tapestry of migration in Nigeria, it is crucial to recognize and celebrate the diverse paths individuals choose on their journey toward a better future, whether that journey takes them to distant shores or allows them to flourish in the warmth of their homeland. Ultimately, the ‘Japa’ syndrome serves as a testament to the complexity and diversity of human aspirations in the face of global opportunities.